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The Seven Second Summits are the second highest mountains of each of the seven continents. All of these mountain peaks are separate peaks rather than a sub-peak of the continents' high point. Austrian mountaineer Christian Stangl became the first person to successfully climb the "Second Seven Summits".〔http://www.8000ers.com/cms/en/news-mainmenu-176/1-latest/304-kammerlanderstangl-second-and-third-seven-facts.html〕 Stangl climbed all possible candidates for the ''Second Seven Summits'' quest (K2, Mt. Logan, Ojos del Salado, Batian, Mt. Tyree, Dych Tau, Dufourspitze, Sumantri, Ngga Pulu, Puncak Trikora, Puncak Mandala and Mt. Townsend) to exclude any errors and to satisfy all geographers. He finished the quest on January 15th 2013 and was certified by Guinness World Records on September 17th 2013. Later he also completed the Challenge for the ''Triple Seven Summits''.〔British Mountaineering Council: (''Christian Stangl completes the Triple Seven Summits'' ) (english) 〕〔skyrunning.at: (''Three records for Austrian Alpinist Christian Stangl'' ) (english) 〕〔climbing.com: (''Stangl Completes Triple Seven Summits'' ) by Dougald MacDonald, Climbing (USA) 8/28/13〕 The ''Second Seven Summits'' are considered by many mountaineers and geographers as a much harder challenge than the traditional ''Seven Summits''. == ''Seven Second Summits'' definitions== The definition of ''continent'' is a matter of some dispute among mountaineers seeking to complete this challenge. The main ridge of the Greater Caucasus range is generally considered to form the boundary between Europe and Asia. In that case, Mount Elbrus () situated some 10 km north of the continental divide, is the highest mountain in Europe. Excluding the Caucasus Mountains, Mont Blanc () would be Europe's highest mountain. The Australian continent is defined as comprising the mainland of Australia and proximate islands on the same continental shelf, including Tasmania and New Guinea. In the convention of the seven continents, one of the continents is the region of Australasia, which includes for example the mountainous islands of New Zealand. For both the geological and conventional continent, New Guinea's Carstensz Pyramid () is the highest summit. When considering a continent as a continuous landmass surrounded by oceans, mainland Australia would be its own continent, with Mount Kosciuszko () as its highest summit. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Seven Second Summits」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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